Publications

Featured Book

Arabs, Turks and Persians: Geopolitics and Ideology in the Greater Middle East

Svante E. Cornell American Foreign Policy Council Central Asia-Caucuses Institute

For decades, the Greater Middle East has been a leading challenge to American foreign policy. This vast region - ranging from North Africa in the west to Afghanistan in the east, and from the borders of Central Asia down to the Horn of Africa in the south - has been a cauldron of turmoil that has affected not just American interests, but generated threats to the American homeland.

Latest Policy Paper

June 6, 2025 Kyle Kinnie American Foreign Policy Council

The Nine Gates of Power: China’s Passageways to the World Ocean

In December 2010, the Asahi Shimbun published a remarkable roadmap laying out the future trajectory of Chinese maritime expansion. In its analysis, the Shimbun outlined a geographically contingent thesis of Chinese geopolitical strategy—one on which the scholar Tetsuo Kotani elaborated further in a 2019 academic paper. Both publications argue that Chinese maritime access to the Pacific and Indian Oceans is effectively constrained through a series of islands and straits in the First Island Chain. These potential chokepoints constitute the “Nine Gates” through which Chinese maritime commerce and sea power must flow. 

Latest Defense Dossier

Latest In-House Bulletins

Africa Political Monitor No. 52

June 17, 2025

Another Step Forward For Morocco In The Western Sahara; Islamist Attacks Threaten Mozambique’s Energy Plans; Amid U.S. Retraction, China Mirrors American Strategy; Ethiopia, Iran Expand Security Ties; Wagner WIthdraws From Mali; U.S. Mulls Somaliland Recognition For Base Access;

China Policy Monitor No. 1636

June 10, 2025

China Is Recruiting Russians -- FSB; 
PRC Hackers Exploit Google Calendar;
Taiwan-Based Group Hacks China's Sensitive Infrastructure;
Internet Censorship in Henan Is Even Tighter;
China Launces New Railway To Iran To Bypass U.S. Sanctions

Defense Technology Monitor No. 110

April 22, 2025

An Additive Boost for Sub Supply;
3D Printing That's Out Of This World;
Starlink in China's Crosshairs...;
...While Beijing Readies HPM Weapon;
Chainmail, Reinvented

Iran Democracy Monitor No. 242

April 22, 2025

Iran's Killer Regime;
Regime Proxies Face The Future;
Oil Boosts The IRGC Further;
Dividing Lines Deepen in The Caucasus;
Iran Abandons The Houthis

Resource Security Watch No. 60

April 18, 2025

In Trump's military, a more skeptical view of climate;
China's future energy source;
Africa searches for answers to food insecurity;
China accelerates stockpiling efforts